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What do lesions on the brain stem mean?

Brain lesions are a type of damage to any part of brain. Lesions can be due to disease, trauma or a birth defect. Sometimes lesions appear in a specific area of the brain. At other times, the lesions are present in a large part of the brain tissue. At first, brain lesions may not produce any symptoms.

What can an MRI of the brain stem show?

MRI can detect a variety of conditions of the brain such as cysts, tumors, bleeding, swelling, developmental and structural abnormalities, infections, inflammatory conditions, or problems with the blood vessels. It can determine if a shunt is working and detect damage to the brain caused by an injury or a stroke.

Will an MRI show brain stem damage?

Magnetic resonance imaging is frequently used to evaluate patients with traumatic brain injury in the acute and subacute setting, and it can detect injuries to the brainstem, which are often associated with poor outcomes.

What is Pontine T2 hyperintensity?

Pontine T2 hyperintensities could be considered as a MRI sign of TN in patients without NVCs. This “trigeminal pontine sign” (TPS) is frequently found in association with herpetic infections.

How is brain stem injury diagnosed?

Symptoms of a brain stem injury include:

  1. Abnormal sleeping patterns.
  2. Insomnia.
  3. Dizziness.
  4. Nausea or vomiting.
  5. Balance issues.
  6. Inability to cough or gag.
  7. Difficulty eating, drinking, or swallowing.
  8. Slurred speech.

What does white matter on an MRI mean?

White matter disease is commonly detected on brain MRI of aging individuals as white matter hyperintensities (WMH), or ‘leukoaraiosis.” Over the years it has become increasingly clear that the presence and extent of WMH is a radiographic marker of small cerebral vessel disease and an important predictor of the life- …

Are there magnetic resonance imaging differential diagnosis of brainstem lesions?

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BRAINSTEM LESIONS IN CHILDREN The brainstem is the portion of the neuraxis that connects the brain to the spinal cord and cerebellum. It is cranio-caudally made up of diencephalon-midbrain, pons, and medulla.

Can a brain tumor be a differential diagnosis?

Differential diagnosis of brainstem lesions, either isolated or in association with cerebellar and supra-tentorial lesions, can be challenging. Knowledge of the structural organization is crucial for the differential diagnosis and establishment of prognosis of pathologies with involvement of the brainstem.

Which is a characteristic feature of brain lesions?

A common feature of brainstem lesions is signal hyperintensity on turbo spin-echo T2-weighted (T2W) images; these lesions may be focal or diffuse and span from partial to complete involvement on the axial planes and across multiple levels cranio-caudally [ 3, 4 ].

Which is an imaging spectrum of cerebellar pathologies?

Blake’s pouch cyst is another entity which mimics Dandy-walker continuum on imaging and is characterized by ballooning of superior medullary velum into the cisterna magna, however, it shows normal vermis and cistern. Cerebellar hypoplasia It was previously categorized as chiari4 malformation, but this term is obsolete now.