What are molecular markers in plants?
By definition, molecular markers are genetic loci that can be easily tracked and quantified in a population and may be associated with a particular gene or trait of interest. This chapter will review the current major applications of molecular markers in plants.
What is SSR marker in plant biotechnology?
Simple-sequence repeats (SSRs), also known as microsatellites, are short tandem repeated motifs that may vary in the number of repeats at a given locus (Tautz, 1989). SSR markers have many advantages over other molecular markers, such as genetic co-dominance.
What makes a good molecular marker?
Characteristics of an Ideal Molecular Marker It should be easy to assay. It should be non-time consuming. It should be highly reproducible. It should be phenotypically neutral.
Which is a molecular marker?
A molecular marker is a molecule contained within a sample taken from an organism (biological markers) or other matter. DNA, for example, is a molecular marker containing information about genetic disorders and the evolutionary history of life.
How do you make a molecular marker?
To develop genetic markers using DNA variants, DNA hybridization or PCR techniques are often used. In DNA hybridization, a short DNA fragment that is homologous to the target DNA is used as a probe. The probe is tagged with a radioisotope and hybridized with the DNA being analyzed.
What is the SSR marker?
Microsatellites, otherwise called Simple sequence repeats (Ssrs) or Short Tandem Repeats (Strs), are rehashing sequences of 2-5 base sets of Dna.it is a sort of Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR). Microsatellites are commonly co-prevailing. SSR markers are important in various gene studies. …
How is PCR useful in molecular diagnosis?
Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR, real-time PCR, or qPCR) is a molecular diagnostic testing technique of identifying whether a target genetic sequence of DNA or RNA (e.g. of a cancer gene, a bacteria or virus in humans, animals, or in the food distribution supply chain, or specific attributes of a seed variety …
What is molecular marker technology?
Introduction. Molecular markers are commonly used in genetic diversity analysis, genetic map construction, gene mapping and cloning, and marker assisted selection in plant breeding. Based on detection procedure, most molecular marker technologies can be classified into hybridization-based or PCR-based systems.
What are the features of molecular markers?
Their unique genetic properties like numerous in nature, ubiquitous distribution in the genome, selective neutral behavior, easy and fast assay, high reproducibility and co-dominance inheritance make them useful than other genetic markers.
What is molecular marker and its types?
Because normal DNA or protein molecules are used to score the genetic material, molecular markers are phenotypically neutral. This is a significant advantage compared to traditional phenotypic markers. The three most common types of markers used today are RFLP, RAPD and isozymes.